Research on property and burning behavior of flammable casing for underground coal gasification.

In this work, the comprehensive properties of flammable casing for underground coal gasification is systematically investigated, including flammable casing material physical, chemical and mechanical properties and full-size flammable casing mechanical properties and burning behavior. The flammable casing material consists of magnesium alloy matrix and rare earth particles, thermal conductivity and expansion property of which are weak. Results of high-temperature tensile test reveal that flammable casing material has good high temperature strength which declines by 30 % at 300 °C. Corrosion rate of flammable casing material is relatively high without extra protection. The full-size flammable casing possesses considerable mechanical property, thread property and high temperature collapse resistance. Burning of flammable casing is safe and stable. Burning rate of flammable casing material can be effectively controlled by water flow. Combustion product of flammable casing presents powder condition, which has no risk of blocking the gasification channel. To sum up, flammable casing is necessary to the realization of underground coal gasifying process, which plays the significant role of the development and application of underground coal gasification technology.

Physicochemical properties of ultrasound-pretreated pea starch and its inclusion complexes with lauric acid.

Ultrasound is a promising green technology for modifying starch. The influence of ultrasound pretreatment (UPT) at diverse temperatures on the morphology and molecular structure of pea starch and its ability to form inclusion complexes with lipids were investigated. After UPT at each temperature, the starch granules retained an unchanged crystalline structure but exhibited notable changes in short-range molecular order and molecular structure. In comparison with the samples treated at 0 and 20 °C, pea starch subjected to UPT at 40 °C had a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher complexing index with lauric acid (LA) and the starch-LA inclusion complex exhibited a higher enthalpy change, relative crystallinity, and resistant starch content. These differences were attributed to the higher temperature causing changes in the disruption points of starch chains and an enlargement in the molecular weight of linear chains. These results may promote the utilization of ultrasound for effective starch modification.

[Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia in children]. / æ”¯æ°”ç®¡è‚ºæ³¡çŒæ´—æ¶²å®åŸºå› ç»„äºŒä»£æµ‹åºåœ¨å„¿ç«¥éš¾æ²»æ€§è‚ºç‚Žè¯Šæ²»ä¸­çš„åº”ç”¨.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the etiological diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia (RTP) in children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 160 children with RTP who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, from January 2020 to March 2023. According to whether mNGS was performed, they were divided into two groups: mNGS (n=80) and traditional testing (n=80). All children received the tests of inflammatory markers and pathogen tests after admission. Traditional pathogenicity tests included microbial culture (sputum specimen collected by suction tube), nucleic acid detection of respiratory pathogens, and serological test (mycoplasma, tuberculosis, and fungi). For the mNGS group, BALF specimens were collected after bronchoscopy and were sent to the laboratory for mNGS and microbial culture. The two groups were analyzed and compared in terms of the detection of pathogens and treatment. RESULTS: Compared with the traditional testing group, the mNGS group had a significantly higher detection rate of pathogens (92% vs 58%, P<0.05), with more types of pathogens and a higher diagnostic rate of mixed infections. Compared with the traditional testing group, the mNGS group had a significantly higher treatment response rate and a significantly lower incidence rate of complications during hospitalization (P<0.05). Treatment was adjusted for 68 children in the mNGS group according to the results of mNGS, with a treatment response rate of 96% (65/68) after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional pathogen tests, BALF mNGS can significantly improve the detection rate of pathogens and find some rare pathogens. In clinical practice, when encountering bottlenecks during the diagnosis and treatment of children with RTP, it is advisable to promptly perform the mNGS to identify the pathogens.

Bio Informatics Analysis of the Relationship Between Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and Colorectal Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to promote the medical treatment of colorectal cancer in our country and to save the lives of patients with colorectal cancer by studying mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the biologic information analysis of colorectal cancer. METHODS: We analyzed mTOR expression and survival differences using data from Coad & read from the TCGA public database and explored the coexpression regulatory network of mTOR. mTOR-regulated mirnas were screened using the Linked Omics database. In addition, we explored the association of mTOR with drug sensitivity, immune cell correlations, microsatellite deletions, tumor mutational burden, and mutational analysis. RESULTS: The expression and survival of mTOR were significant different in colorectal cancer, and were related to the sensitivity of Bleomycin, Cisplatin and Gemcitabine. mTOR is associated with dendritic cell activation, NK cell dormancy, dendritic cell dormancy, and eosinophil granulocyte. mTOR is associated with microsatellite deletions, and tumor mutational load. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, we consumer mTOR as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.

First-principles calculation of the optical properties of the YBa2Cu3O7-δ oxygen vacancies model.

We used first-principles methods to investigate how oxygen vacancy defects affect the optical properties of YBa2Cu3O7-δ (0 < δ < 1), a high-temperature superconductor with potential applications in optical detectors. We calculated the electronic structure of YBa2Cu3O7-δ with different amounts of oxygen vacancies at three different sites: Cu-O chains, CuO2 planes, and apical oxygens. The formation energy calculations support the formation of oxygen vacancies in the Cu-O chain at higher concentrations of vacancy defects, with a preference for alignment in the same chain. The presence of oxygen vacancies affects the optical absorption peak of YBa2Cu3O7-δ in different ways depending on their location and concentration. The optical absorption peaks in the visible range (1.6-3.2 eV) decrease in intensity and shift towards the infrared spectrum as oxygen vacancies increase. We demonstrate that oxygen vacancies can be used as a powerful tool to manipulate the optical response of YBa2Cu3O7-δ to different wavelengths in optical detector devices.

Photocatalysis screening for group III-V vdW heterostructures constructed by MX (M = Ga, In and X = P, As) monolayers.

To harvest solar energy for water splitting and produce pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen, high-performance photocatalysts are essential. Here, by combining different two-dimensional (2D) group III-V MX (M = Ga, In and X = P, As) monolayers, we designed 144 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures to identify efficient photoelectrochemical materials. Using first-principles calculations, we investigated the stabilities, electronic properties, and optical properties of these heterostructures. After a careful screening process, we elected GaP/InP in a BB-II stacking configuration as the most promising candidate. This specific GaP/InP configuration has a type-II band alignment with a gap value of 1.83 eV. The conduction band minimum (CBM) is located at -4.276 eV, and the valence band maximum (VBM) is located at -6.217 eV, fully satisfying the requirements of the catalytic reaction under pH = 0. Additionally, light absorption has been improved through the construction of the vdW heterostructure. These results could help in understanding the properties of the III-V heterostructures and guide the experimental synthesis of these materials for photocatalysis applications.

Alteration of the Gut Microbiota in Missed Abortion.

There is a symbiotic relationship between gut microbiota and human beings. Imbalance of the gut microbiota will cause pathological damages to humans. Although many risk factors are associated with missed abortion (MA), the pathological mechanism of it is still unclear. Here, we analyzed gut flora of the patients with MA by S16 high-throughput sequencing. The possible pathogenic mechanisms of the MA were explored. Fecal samples from 14 healthy controls and 16 MA patients were collected to do 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing analysis. The abundance of the Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Escherichia, Streptococcus_ Salivarius, and Lactobacillus was significantly reduced in the MA group, while, the abundance of the Klebsiella was significantly increased in the MA patients. The Ruminococcaceae and [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group were found only in the specimens of the MA patients. The Fabrotax function prediction analysis showed that four photosynthesis function bacteria (cyanobateria, oxygenic_photoautotrophy, photoautotrophy, and phototrophy) only existed in the MA group. In the analysis of the BugBase microbiome function prediction, the Escherichia of the MA group is significantly reduced compared to that of the healthy controls in the items of that Contains_Mobile_Elements, Facultatively_Anaerobic, Forms_Biofilms, Potentially_Pathogenic.png, Gram_Nagative, and Stress_Tolerant_relabundance. These alterations may affect the stability of the host's immune, neural, metabolic and other systems by interfering with the balance of the gut microbiota or by the metabolites of those bacteria, causing the MA. This study explored the possible pathogenic factors of the gut microbiota of the MA. The results provide evidence to figure out the pathogenesis of the MA.

Validation of the JAMR F1701T (arm type) pressure monitor according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/ISO 81060-2:2018 protocol.

To validate the JAMR F1701T (arm type) blood pressure (BP) monitor according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018). A total of 90 subjects (male 60 and female 30) were recruited to fulfill the criteria of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (the number, gender, age, limber size, and BP distribution), and sequential measurements of BP, including both SBP and DBP were obtained using the test device and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. A total of 270 sets of comparison data (three sets of each subject) were obtained and analyzed. According to the validation criterion 1 of ISO 81060-2:2018, the mean ± SD of the differences between the JAMR F1701T and mercury sphygmomanometer BP (systolic/diastolic) readings was 2.06 ± 6.83/-4.84 ± 5.23 mmHg. For criterion 2, the SD of the averaged BP (systolic/diastolic) differences between the JAMR F1701 and reference BP (systolic/diastolic) per participant was 5.62/4.39 mmHg (the requirement was ≤6.43/5.01 mmHg by calculation). The JAMR F1701T met all the requirements of the ISO 81060-2:2018, and can be recommended for clinical and self/home use.

The alterations in granule, shell, blocklets, and molecular structure of pea starch induced by ultrasound.

Understanding the alterations to starch multi-scale structure induced by ultrasound treatment can help in determining the effective application of ultrasound in functional-starch preparation. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize and understand the morphological, shell, lamellae, and molecular structures of pea starch granules treated by ultrasound under different temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that UT (ultrasound treatment) did not change C-type of crystalline, but caused a pitted surface and endowed a looser structure and higher enzyme susceptibility as the temperature increased above 35 °C for pea starch granules. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering analyses revealed that UT reduced the short-range ordering and increased the thickness of semi-crystalline and amorphous lamellae by inducing starch chain depolymerization, which was manifested by molecule weight and chain length distribution analysis. The sample ultrasound-treated at 45 °C had the higher proportion of B2 chains compared with the other ultrasound-treated samples because the higher ultrasonic temperature altered the disruption sites of starch chains.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to reactive oxygen species homeostasis of Bombax ceiba L. under drought stress.

Drought stress is one of the major abiotic factors limiting plant growth and causing ecological degradation. The regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and ROS scavenging is essential to plant growth under drought stress. To investigate the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on ROS generation and ROS scavenging ability under drought stress in Bombax ceiba, the ROS content, the expression levels of respiratory burst oxidase homologue (Rbohs), and the antioxidant response were evaluated in AMF and NMF (non-inoculated AMF) plants under drought stress. 14 BcRboh genes were identified in the B. ceiba genome and divided into five subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. The effect of AMF on the expression profiles of BcRbohs were different under our conditions. AMF mainly downregulated the expression of Rbohs (BcRbohA, BcRbohD, BcRbohDX2, BcRbohE, BcRbohFX1, and BcRbohI) in drought-stressed seedlings. For well-water (WW) treatment, AMF slightly upregulated Rbohs in seedlings. AMF inoculation decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 19.11 and 20.85%, decreased the O2⋅- production rate by 39.69 and 65.20% and decreased H2O2 content by 20.06 and 43.21% compared with non-mycorrhizal (NMF) plants under drought stress in root and shoot, respectively. In addition, AMF inoculation increased the non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) content in roots by 153.52 and 28.18% under drought stress, respectively. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, PX, CAT, APX, GPX, GR, MDAR, and DHAR) all increased ranging from 19.47 - 131.54% due to AMF inoculation under drought stress. In conclusion, these results reveal that AMF inoculation can maintain ROS homeostasis by mitigating drought-induced ROS burst, via decreasing ROS generation and enhancing ROS scavenging ability of B. ceiba seedlings.

Prevalence and risk factors of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales positivity by active screening in intensive care units in the Henan Province of China: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Objective: In intensive care units (ICUs), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose a significant threat. We aimed to examine the distribution, epidemiological characteristics, and risk factors for CRE positivity in ICUs. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 96 ICUs of 78 hospitals in Henan Province, China. The clinical and microbiological data were collected. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for CRE positivity. Results: A total of 1,009 patients were enrolled. There was a significant difference in CRE positive rate between pharyngeal and anal swabs (15.16 vs. 19.13%, P < 0.001). A total of 297 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KPN), 22 carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CR-ECO), 6 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae (CR-ECL), 19 CR-KPN/CR-ECO, and 2 CR-KPN/CR-ECL were detected. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM), and a combination of KPC and NDM were detected in 150, 9, and 11 swab samples, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined length of ICU stay, chronic neurological disease, transfer from other hospitals, previous infection, and history of antibiotics exposure as independent risk factors for CRE positivity. Age and cardiovascular diseases were independent risk factors for mixed infections of CRE. The occurrence of CRE in secondary and tertiary hospitals was 15.06 and 25.62%, respectively (P < 0.05). Patients from tertiary hospitals had different clinical features compared with those from secondary hospitals, including longer hospital stays, a higher rate of patients transferred from other hospitals, receiving renal replacement therapy, exposure to immunosuppressive drugs, use of antibiotics, and a higher rate of the previous infection. Conclusion: In ICUs in Henan Province, CRE positive rate was very high, mostly KPC-type CR-KPN. Patients with prolonged ICU stay, chronic neurological disease, transfer from other hospitals, previous infection, and history of antibiotic exposure are prone to CRE. Age and cardiovascular diseases are susceptibility factors for mixed infections of CRE. The CRE positive rate in tertiary hospitals was higher than that in secondary hospitals, which may be related to the source of patients, antibiotic exposure, disease severity, and previous infection.

Complete plastid genome of Litsea honghoensis Liou 1933, an endangered evergreen species in China.

Litsea honghoensis Liou is an endangered tree endemic to south China. In this study, the first complete plastid genome of L. honghoensis was presented, which had a length of 152,605 base pairs (bp) with a GC content of 39.20%. The genome consisted of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 93,560 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,905 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 20,070 bp. There were 125 genes in the plastid genome, including 81 protein-coding genes, 36 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenomic analysis based on 52 complete plastomes of Laureae in the family Lauraceae supports the close relationships among L. honghoensis, Lindera communis, Lindera nacusua, Lindera angustifolia, and Lindera glauca.

A promising type-II ß-AsP/g-C6N6 van der Waals heterostructure photocatalyst for water splitting: a first-principles study.

Photocatalytic water splitting, which can use abundant and clean solar energy, is friendly to the environment and consumes less energy. This work predicts the type-II ß-AsP/g-C6N6 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure as a promising photocatalyst for water splitting using first-principles calculations. Compared with the g-C6N6 monolayer, the ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure not only can effectively separate photogenerated electron and hole pairs but also shows considerable light absorption and better photocatalyst performances. The optical absorption coefficient of the ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure has also extremely increased, more than ten times that of the g-C6N6 monolayer. The ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure with little compression (-2%) could be conducive to the hydrogen evolution reaction with a Gibbs free energy closer to zero (-0.46 eV) compared to monolayers. The oxygen evolution reaction has a low theoretical overpotential of 0.63 V. These results indicate that it exhibits favorable performances as a photocatalyst. This work predicts the possible application of the ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure as a photocatalyst and expands the scope of renewable energy devices.

Plastid genome evolution of a monophyletic group in the subtribe Lauriineae (Laureae, Lauraceae).

Litsea, a non-monophyletic group of the tribe Laureae (Lauraceae), plays important roles in the tropical and subtropical forests of Asia, Australia, Central and North America, and the islands of the Pacific. However, intergeneric relationships between Litsea and Laurus, Lindera, Parasassafras and Sinosassafras of the tribe Laureae remain unresolved. In this study, we present phylogenetic analyses of seven newly sequenced Litsea plastomes, together with 47 Laureae plastomes obtained from public databases, representing six genera of the Laureae. Our results highlight two highly supported monophyletic groups of Litsea taxa. One is composed of 16 Litsea taxa and two Lindera taxa. The 18 plastomes of these taxa were further compared for their gene structure, codon usage, contraction and expansion of inverted repeats, sequence repeats, divergence hotspots, and gene evolution. The complete plastome size of newly sequenced taxa varied between 152,377 bp (Litsea auriculata) and 154,117 bp (Litsea pierrei). Seven of the 16 Litsea plastomes have a pair of insertions in the IRa (trnL-trnH) and IRb (ycf2) regions. The 18 plastomes of Litsea and Lindera taxa exhibit similar gene features, codon usage, oligonucleotide repeats, and inverted repeat dynamics. The codons with the highest frequency among these taxa favored A/T endings and each of these plastomes had nine divergence hotspots, which are located in the same regions. We also identified six protein coding genes (accD, ndhJ, rbcL, rpoC2, ycf1 and ycf2) under positive selection in Litsea; these genes may play important roles in adaptation of Litsea species to various environments.

The complete plastid genome of a medicinal tree Lindera chienii Cheng 1934 (Lauraceae: Laureae).

Lindera chienii Cheng 1934 is an important medicine plant. The first complete plastid genome sequence of L. chienii was assembled and analyzed in this study. The plastid genome is 152,744 bp in length with a GC content of 39.15%, contains a large single-copy region of 93,767 bp and a small single-copy region of 18,843 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions of 20,067 bp. A total of 128 genes were detected in the plastid genome, including eight ribosomal RNA genes, 36 transfer RNA genes, and 81 protein-coding genes. The phylogenomic analysis based on plastid genomes supports the close relationships among Lindera chienii, L. megaphylla and Litsea acutivena.

Superior Creep Resistance and Remnant Strength of Novel Tempered Ferritic-Martensitic Steels Designed by Element Addition.

The in situ combustion (ISC) technique is promisingly applied in heavy oil recovery, whereas the operation inevitably causes high temperature and high pressure for a long duration in the thermal recovery well. As a critical component, oil casing, traditionally made of plain carbon steel in China, generally suffers from poor creep resistance and degraded remnant strength under such a harsh environment, which leads to frequent casing damage and inferior recovery efficiency. In this study, a strategy was adopted to tackle the issue by adding chromium (Cr) element into the plain carbon steel. We designed two types of novel steel with the respective addition of 1 wt.% and 13 wt.% Cr element into plain carbon steel for oil casing. Surprisingly, the trace addition of Cr element with 1 wt.% effectively lowered the creep rate in a creep test at 600 °C and 400 MPa and maintained high remnant tensile strength after creep. More significantly, prior creep history dramatically enhanced remnant strength when Cr element was added up to 13 wt.%. After a long-term creep time of 96 h, the samples were conferred by a stress increment of ~92.5 MPa (~11.0%) relative to the creep-free counterparts, whereas the value was reduced by ~158.4 MPa (~17.8%) for plain carbon steel under the same deformation conditions. Such superior mechanical performances in the Cr-doped steels are mainly ascribed to precipitation retardation of carbides and sluggish precipitate coarsening, which continuously favors a precipitation-strengthening effect in steel. These findings provide a fundamental understanding of precipitation response and creep behaviors and, more importantly, enable the development of high-performance steels used in the field of unconventional petroleum and gas resources.

Inhibition of Microbiota-dependent Trimethylamine N-Oxide Production Ameliorates High Salt Diet-Induced Sympathetic Excitation and Hypertension in Rats by Attenuating Central Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress.

Excessive dietary salt intake induces neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain, which lead to sympathetic excitation, contributing to hypertension. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Accumulating evidence reveals that trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular diseases. The present study sought to determine whether central TMAO is elevated and associated with neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain after long-term high salt (HS) diet intake and, if so, whether inhibition of TMAO generation ameliorates HS-induced sympathetic excitation and hypertension. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a HS diet or a normal salt (NS) diet and simultaneously treated with vehicle (VEH) or 1.0% 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB, an inhibitor of trimethylamine formation) for 8 weeks. HS + VEH rats, compared with NS + VEH rats, had elevated TMAO in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), increased blood pressure (BP), and increased sympathetic drive as indicated by the BP response to ganglionic blockade and plasma norepinephrine levels. HS-induced these changes were attenuated by DMB, which significantly reduced TMAO in plasma and CSF. Neuroinflammation as assessed by proinflammatory cytokine expression and NF-κB activity and microglial activity, and oxidative stress as measured by NAD(P)H oxidase subunit expression and NAD(P)H activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were increased in HS + VEH rats but were decreased by DMB. DMB had no effects on above measured parameters in NS rats. The results suggest that long-term HS diet intake causes elevation in TMAO in the circulation and brain, which is associated with increased neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the PVN, an important cardiovascular regulatory center. Inhibition of TMAO generation ameliorates HS-induced sympathetic excitation and hypertension by reducing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the PVN.

Analysis on the Effect of Metformin Hydrochloride Combined with Insulin Pump for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND: U To analyze the effect of metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: Overall, 216 patients with GDM in Zhangqiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China from Aug 2018 to Dec 2020 were enrolled and randomized into research and control groups. Patients in the control group were treated with insulin pump, while those in the research group were treated with metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump. The clinical efficacy, blood glucose levels, serum Betatrophin, C reactive protein (CRP), Cystatin C (Cys-C), homocysteine (Hcy), adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) content, incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and incidence of adverse newborns of patients in the two groups were compared. RESULTS: After treatment, the total clinical efficiency of the research group was 84.26%, significantly higher than that of the control group (68.52%). The levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, serum Betatrophin, CRP, CysC, Hcy, adiponectin factors, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the research group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 10.19% in the research group, and 25.93% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse newborns was 9.26% in the research group, and 21.30% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant as well (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump for GDM can significantly reduce blood glucose level, regulate serum protein factor levels, and improve adverse outcomes for mother and child, which deserves clinical promotion.

Quasiparticle energies and significant exciton effects of monolayered blue arsenic phosphorus conformers.

Low-dimensional systems have strong multi-body interactions and fewer geometric constraints due to the screening effect of the Coulomb interaction. We use the single-shot GW-Bethe Salpeter equation (G0W0-BSE) to calculate the electronic and optical properties of six-blue arsenic phosphorus (ß-AsP) conformers. The results show significant anisotropic exciton effects of covering visible regions, which apparently changed the light absorption. The maximum exciton binding energy is up to 0.99 eV, which is more extensive than the black phosphorus monolayer (0.9 eV). We predict that the different orbital contributions to valence bands may cause the anisotropic exciton effect difference. Our results indicate that ß-AsP monolayers with the large binding energies of exciton hold a great promise for applications in optoelectronic devices.